Washington State

Washington ferries are going electric. WSDOT just opened nationwide bidding to build them

Washington took a step closer to replacing its ferry fleet with electric-hybrid ships.
Washington took a step closer to replacing its ferry fleet with electric-hybrid ships. Courtesy

Washington State Ferries are in line for an upgrade, and it will mean less pollution and fewer delays, according to state officials. In late May, the largest ferry system in the country announced a nationwide bidding process to build five new hybrid ferries.

Shipyards have to submit their bids by late 2024, before the contract is awarded. The first two boats are expected to arrive in 2028, followed by two more in 2029 and one more in 2030. Eventually, the state hopes to have 16 new hybrid ferries, and convert six existing ferries, according to the Washington State Ferries System Electrification Plan.

“In addition to strengthening our workforce, we share the public’s urgency in bringing these new vessels on board as quickly as possible… More than ten shipyards have expressed interest. What that means to taxpayers is we’ll have good competition and lowest possible price,” Washington State Ferries assistant secretary Steve Nevey stated in a press release.

The Evergreen State has the largest ferry system in the U.S., and served 18.7 million riders in 2023.

How will electric ferries impact environment?

The five new boats will save 240 million gallons of diesel and over 8 million tons of carbon emissions in the long run, WSDOT said. Currently, the ferry system emits more greenhouse gasses than any other state agency. It’s far easier for ferries to go electric than other transportation systems, according to Darrin Magee, director of Western Washington University’s Institute for Energy Studies.

“One of the biggest concerns you have with road vehicles is weight, and even greater with airplanes. But that essentially disappears with ships because of buoyancy,” Magee said in a phone call with McClatchy. “That’s always there and it’s free.”

The new ferries are expected to hold over 1,500 passengers and 160 cars. In addition to the program’s environmental benefits, it will serve to update the state’s aging ferry fleet that has experienced delays in recent years.

“Adding new vessels to our fleet is a key part of a multi-prong approach to restoring service levels,” Nevey stated.

The state has already secured nearly $2 billion of the $4 billion that it will take to build all 16 ships, but Magee said the high cost will be offset in the long run.

“Efficiency of electric motors is just heads and [shoulders] above internal combustion engines. Even the most efficient of diesel engines can’t hold a candle to electric motors… In that regard, they will have lower operating costs long term,” Magee said.

The Washington state ferry Elwa approaches the dock at Orcas Village on Orcas Island in this 2008 photo. The Elwha was briefly sidelined in August after its propeller become entangled in a crab pot’s rope - just one of many problems that plagued the San Juan routes this summer.
The Washington state ferry Elwa approaches the dock at Orcas Village on Orcas Island in this 2008 photo. The Elwha was briefly sidelined in August after its propeller become entangled in a crab pot’s rope - just one of many problems that plagued the San Juan routes this summer. Elaine Thompson AP

Ferries aim for zero emissions

The ferry electrification program began after a 2018 executive order by Governor Jay Inslee asked the agency to transition to lower emissions. WSF aims to be emissions-free by 2050. However, hybrid-electric ferries still produce some emissions, so meeting that goal will require offsets.

“If indeed these are hybrid, then there will be emissions,” Magee said. “So I would bet that getting to zero emissions in that case would require net-zero, through offsets or carbon sequestration efforts.”

In addition to reducing carbon emissions, the impact of the ferry system going electric will be felt on a more local level too.

“One thing that is quite a concern in port cities, and certainly in the San Juan, Puget Sound area is local air quality. When you have diesel particulate emissions resulting from ship traffic, small or large, the impacts of that are often felt very locally,” Magee said.

This story was originally published June 10, 2024 at 1:35 PM with the headline "Washington ferries are going electric. WSDOT just opened nationwide bidding to build them."

DS
Daniel Schrager
The Bellingham Herald
Daniel Schrager is the service journalism reporter at the Bellingham Herald. He joined the Herald in February of 2024 after graduating from Rice University in 2023. Support my work with a digital subscription
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